
Exped
MegaMat Series
Car camping comfort champ, but some side sleepers find it thin.

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So that sleeping bag will not give you much warmth when laying on it. If you are feeling that much cold from your pad then yes you need a better pad for the cold. I personally never experience this, but everyone is different with the cold. You seem to run cold if you had all those layers on while sleeping. This is just one of those weird things with people. In those temps I would sleep in my underwear with a 20 quilt. My buddy would be all snug with full sleepwear and his puffy to start out. Everyone is different for cold. I have used the standard thermarest for about 10 years.
I'll hype my Thermarest self inflating pad. I think it's 3/4". It was expensive when I got it, but I've used it many times over 30 years and it's still working well. It could be more comfortable. But I carry it on a pack. It's worlds better than not having it.
I've had a self inflating Thermarest for about 30 years. I never camp without it and it still works great. Some years ago I had a canvas cover made for it. It's a disguise for when I go Civil War reenacting, and offers a layer of protection against brogans.
I have a thinner version of this and I can’t stress enough that it is self inflating!! Open the valve and let it sit to fill with air. Don’t put anything on it. Once full close the valve and set up everything. When folding and rolling away open valve get all the air out and close valve to seal. I have seen these where the owner would blow to fill it up and they get moldy and stinky fast. Also store it unrolled and open valve, I put mine under my bed.
We have therma rest inflatable backpacking mattresses (neoair and my 10+ year old pre-neo pad) , that we take car camping aswell. I often lay out more blankets on top, especially if we have my 4yo stepson with us. 3 pads, 2-3 layers of comfy blankets and then we can basically use sleaping bags as top covers, or individually, or whatever we feel like.. It might help though that while we cuddle/snuggle a lot, we don't generally touch each other that much while actually sleeping due to overheating. I can tolerate it more though, so I get stuck with kiddo near me haha.
Hear, hear! Sleeping on ccf had me almost quit hiking in my twenties. Than there was the first thermarest. It made the nights just doable, with extra cloth (still had them in those days) stuffed under the waist and knee area. It has got so much better since with a big choice of insulated air matrasses that hardly weight more than foam. Definitely give ccf a try, its great if it works for you, but it is not for everyone.
We use Thermarests or their equivalent from like REI. ¾ sized ones to save some bulk.
I've had great success with Thermarest, REI, and Exped self inflating mattresses. All have good customer support too. I wouldn't ever bother with an all air mattress. Poor insulation, rotten in cold. Get a FlexTail pump.
Exped, REI, and Thermarest pads have all lasted that long and more. All self-inflaters.

Exped
MegaMat Series
Car camping comfort champ, but some side sleepers find it thin.

Exped
Ultra Series
Lightweight side-sleeper comfort, but a bit pricey and bulky.

NEMO
Tensor Series
Ultralight side-sleeper comfort, but slippery and prone to leaks.

Big Agnes
Rapide SL Insulated Sleeping Pad
Comfortable with side rails, but heavy and warmth claims disputed.

Therm-a-Rest
NeoLoft™ Sleeping Pad
Very comfortable, good service, but heavy and bulky for backpacking.

Ranked #1
Exped - MegaMat Series

Ranked #1
Exped - MegaMat Series

Ranked #1
Exped - MegaMat Series

Ranked #1
Exped - MegaMat Series

Ranked #1
Therm-a-Rest - NeoAir Xtherm Series